Research

Here is a bibliography of SCRABBLE-related scholarly research of which we are aware. To add to this list, please contact us at info@scrabbleplayers.org.

Strategy

• Appel, Andrew W. and Guy J. Jacobson. "The world's fastest Scrabble program." Communications of the ACM 31, no. 5 (1988): 572–578.
• Chapleau, S., and G. Lapalme. "Athéna: un programme champion de scrabble duplicaté." Technique et science informatiques 2, no. 4 (1983): 249–256.
• Gordon, Steven A. "A Faster Scrabble Move Generation Algorithm." Software—Practice and Experience 24, no. 2 (1994): 219–232.
• McGrath, P., and B. Tangney. "Scrabble-a distributed application with an emphasis on continuity." Software Engineering Journal 5, no. 3 (1990): 160–164.
• Richards, Mark and Eyal Amir. "Opponent Modeling in Scrabble." Paper presented at International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Hyderabad, India, January 6–12, 2007.
• Sheppard, Brian. "Towards Perfect Play of Scrabble." PhD diss., Universiteit Maastricht, 2002.
• Sheppard, Brian. "World-championship-caliber Scrabble." Artificial Intelligence 134 no. 1–2 (2002): 241–275.
• Turcan, P. "A competitive scrabble program." SIGART Newsletter 80 (1982): 104–109.

Psychology

• Bal, Sharon K. "Leisure activity and risk of dementia scrabble, anyone?." Canadian Family Physician 50 (2004): 51–53.
• Cansino, S., A. Ruiz, and V. López-Alonso. "What does the brain do while playing scrabble?: ERPs associated with a short-long-term memory task." International Journal of Psychophysiology 31, no. 3 (1999): 261–274.
• Halpern, D.F. and J. Wai. "The world of competitive Scrabble: Novice and expert differences in visuospatial and verbal abilities." Journal of Experimental Psychological Applications 13, no. 2 (2007): 79–94.
• Hargreaves, Ian S., Penny M. Pexman, Lenka Zdrazilova, and Peter Sargious. "How a hobby can shape cognition: visual word recognition in competitive Scrabble players." Memory & Cognition 40, no. 1 (2012): 1–7.
• Hills, T.T., P.M. Todd, and R.L. Goldstone. "Search in external and internal spaces: evidence for generalized cognitive search processes." Psychological Science 19, no. 8 (2008): 802–808.
• Payne, Stephen J., Geoffrey B. Duggan, and Hansjörg Neth. "Discretionary task interleaving: Heuristics for time allocation in cognitive foraging". Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 136 (2007), 370–388.
• Tuffiash, Michael, Roy W. Roring, and K. Anders Ericsson. "Expert Performance in SCRABBLE: Implications for the Study of the Structure and Acquisition of Complex Skills." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 13, no. 3 (2007): 124–134.

Other Medicine

• Rey, M., J. Pelletier, A. Dalecky, G. Sabbagh, O. Levrier, A. Ali Cherif, and R. Khalil. "Epilepsie réflexe avec crises induites par le calcul mental, le jeu d'échecs et le jeu de scrabble = Reflex epilepsy with seizures induced by calculation, playing chess and scrabble." Revue neurologique 152, no. 2 (1996): 116–120.

Other Sciences

• Hebblethwaite, Benjamin. "Scrabble as a tool for Haitian Creole literacy: Sociolinguistic and orthographic foundations." Journal of Pidgin and Creole languages 24, no. 2 (2009): 275–305.